If sales are booming and your small business is flush with cash, congratulations! While having a large surplus of cash is great for your small business, SMB owners also need to understand that the more surplus cash you have, the greater your chances are of losing money. 

How? Well, the rate of inflation reached a four-decade high of 7.9% in February, and the interest you’re collecting on your business savings account is almost certainly far less than that. Also, if you have any outstanding loans, the interest you’re paying on them is far greater than the interest from your savings account. You should also remember that we’re still going through “The Great Resignation,” so if you plan to increase your staff, current wage growth most likely is exceeding the interest that you’re getting from your business savings account.

How to Determine Timelines For Reinvesting Excess Cash

If you’re in the fortunate position of having a large cash surplus for your business, you have plenty of options to invest that cash in a way that you won’t lose money. Before you consider your options, however, you should first take the time to determine what you want to use that excess cash for. The first thing you want to do is assess what you want to spend it on, and what your time horizons may be for spending that cash. 

A registered investment advisor can assist and educate you on your investment decisions.

You may want to seek advice from a financial advisor or a broker-dealer on how to invest your extra money. Take note that some financial advisors will only deal with you if you have a certain amount to invest and are generally more expensive than brokers, so choose carefully. If you feel you’re a sophisticated investor, you can always use online trading services such as Ameritrade, E*Trade or Robinhood. 

Short-Term Spending and Investing

If you have short-term plans to spend your surplus cash over the next year or less, such as expanding your business with additional staff; leasing a larger workspace; purchasing additional non-perishable inventory before inflation rises even further; or replacing old equipment crucial to your business in the next 12 months, there are investment instruments that can give you a much higher yield than your business savings account. 

You can also forgo investing by using your surplus cash to pay off any outstanding loans you may have, as many lenders do offer a pre-pay discount if you choose to pay off several types of loans before their terms expire.

If you are willing to go the investment route, there are plenty of asset management firms that offer a wide array of short-term investment options. As a business owner, you want these options to give you returns that are greater than your business savings account and are highly liquid. Some of these options include:

• A money market account. This is an account that you can open at most large banks or by going through a broker and purchasing shares in a money market mutual funds. It will provide a higher yield than a savings account because it invests your money in short-term treasury bonds or commercial paper – a form of short-term financing typically used by large corporations. These types of accounts are considered very low risk and can be liquidated at a moment’s notice. 
• A short-term treasury market mutual fund. Most investment managers do offer mutual funds designed for short-term investors. These funds tend to be low risk and typically invest in a mix of investment-grade and short-duration treasury bonds. Keep in mind, however, that mutual fund fees can be expensive, so shop around.
• A certificate of deposit (CD). With the federal funds overnight rate set to rise, you may consider a CD. This is considered a low-risk account in which you can park your money and get a monthly fixed, compounding interest rate over a predetermined period that can be six months, a year or longer.  Most banks offer these types of vehicles, but you should shop around for ones that offer the best rate.
• An exchange-traded fund (ETF).  ETFs are often cheaper than mutual funds because they don’t invest directly in securities like stocks and bonds, but rather, index futures. Put simply, they are funds that will typically generate the passive returns of whatever financial index you choose. Common indices include the S&P 500 Index (stocks) and the Bloomberg US Aggregate Bond Index (bonds). If your risk/return tolerance is high, you can invest in the stock market. Keep in mind that the average annual compounded return for the S&P 500 since its inception in the early 20th century is 10.5%, but the short-term volatility is high. 

How To Determine Your Business Short Term Spending vs. Long Term Investments

Are there long-term spending goals in your business plan, such as developing and offering a new product, or moving your headquarters to a larger space a few years down the road? The COVID-19 pandemic, which is now entering its third year, taught us that the economy can turn on a dime, so maybe you want to create an emergency cash reserve fund to keep your business afloat when the next recession hits. These are just a few examples of what you may have long-term spending plans for. 

If you have plans for your surplus cash that extend beyond a year, you can tolerate more risk, which means you have the potential to generate higher returns on your investments over the long haul. There are plenty of asset classes you can choose from that, despite having short-term volatility, have average annual returns that are much higher than anything you would see from a savings account or short-term bond investment. To put it simply, the longer your investment time horizon is, the greater your returns on capital can be. 

Your registered investment advisor (RIA) should educate you on the different asset classes and types of mutual funds that are best for long-term investing, as well as the basics such as risk management, modern portfolio theory, and portfolio optimization strategies. Depending on how much cash you have to invest, you may wish to invest in a basket of mutual funds for a diversified portfolio. Your RIA should also keep you informed on world events and how they may affect your portfolio.

Long-term Asset Classes

Some options you may consider for long-term investing include:

1. An asset allocation mutual fund. If you want to invest in the long-term but don’t have the stomach for taking on excess investment risk, this may be the option for you. This type of mutual fund automatically allocates your assets among stocks, bonds and cash to optimize investment risk.
2. Mutual funds that invest in equities (stocks). There are plenty of funds that invest in stocks. While these funds tend to be more expensive than low-risk bond funds – especially if they are actively managed – they tend to produce the highest returns over the long term. There are equity mutual funds that invest in everything from the S&P 500 Index to foreign stocks in emerging economies.
3. Real Estate mutual funds. There are mutual funds that invest exclusively in various forms of real estate. Before you decide to invest, you should speak to your financial advisor and know that these types of mutual funds carry high management fees and high short-term volatility.
4. Alternative investments. There are mutual funds that engage in exotic investment strategies, such as long/short, absolute return, and portable alpha strategies, and carry high management fees. These funds often seek to curb risk while delivering consistent returns. However, you need to make sure you get a solid understanding of these funds from your RIA before investing.

Don’t Lose Money!

Having surplus cash is a great thing for your small business, as it gives you many options for growing your business and surviving during a downturn. You must understand, however, that simply squirreling it away in your business savings account can cost you dearly. If you’re in such a fortunate position, speak with your accountant or an RIA to find out what your options are.